Mais de 900 propriedades da cafeicultura mineira renovaram ou conquistaram a certificação por meio do Programa Certifica Minas Café em 2023, impulsionando a qualidade do produto no estado, conforme padrões de exigência internacionais.
A adesão é voluntária e os agricultores familiares têm gratuidade no acesso. Informações sobre o escopo da política pública estão disponíveis neste link.
O produtor Carlos Emanuel de Melo Costa, de Muzambinho, no Sul de Minas, é responsável pela marca Café Manuedo, que produz café especial há décadas.
Os negócios, iniciados por seu pai, Carlos Donizetti Costa, são um exemplo de êxito na sucessão rural. Em 2014, a marca obteve o selo pelo programa estadual.
“Hoje, dez anos depois, a gente percebe o ganho nítido com o certificado. Tanto pela assistência do pessoal da Emater, pela rastreabilidade e pela sustentabilidade quanto na parte organizacional. Todo ano a gente tem que alimentar uma planilha para analisar nossos custos, algo que a gente não fazia. Foi muito bom para nós e eu realmente recomendo”, afirma Carlos Emanuel.
Durante as etapas do processo de certificação, o cafeicultor contou com a orientação da Empresa de Assistência Técnica de Extensão Rural do Estado de Minas Gerais (Emater-MG) para realizar as adequações estruturais, sociais e ambientais exigidas pelo programa na propriedade.
A última fase do processo é a realização de auditorias anuais pelo Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária (IMA).
Pioneirismo
O Programa Certifica Minas Café foi o primeiro selo de certificação de propriedades cafeeiras no Brasil emitido por uma instituição governamental, em 2006, quando ainda se chamava Agriminas Café.
Coordenado pela Secretaria de Estado de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (Seapa), o programa tem o objetivo de assegurar a produção dentro de critérios internacionais de sustentabilidade socioeconômica e ambiental.
Como parte da política pública, a Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Epamig) promove capacitações sobre adequação das lavouras cafeeiras e adaptou às normas do programa o Campo Experimental de São Sebastião do Paraíso, no Sul de Minas, para que sirva de modelo aos produtores rurais.
“O Governo de Minas estimula a cafeicultura por meio da ação da Seapa e das suas vinculadas. O papel da Secretaria de Agricultura é realizar a interlocução e a articulação entre todos os envolvidos nesse trabalho tão espetacular, que é feito pela cadeia produtiva do café atualmente, sejam do estado, das universidades parceiras ou da iniciativa privada”, explica o diretor de Cadeias Produtivas da Seapa, Julian Silva Carvalho.
Cafeicultura mineira em 2024
A safra mineira de café deve alcançar 29,2 milhões de sacas neste ano, com um aumento de 0,6% em relação a 2023. A busca por plantas mais resistentes às pragas e doenças e a mecanização da atividade contribuíram para elevar a área produtiva em 3,2%. A expansão se justifica especialmente pela renovação dos cafezais nos últimos anos.
Caso as projeções desse primeiro levantamento para a safra de café da Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (Conab) se concretizem, Minas Gerais manterá a posição de maior produtor de café no Brasil, respondendo por cerca de 50% da safra nacional.
Nas regiões da Zona da Mata, Rio Doce e Central, há a maior previsão de aumento, com um reforço de 12,5%, totalizando 7,9 milhões de sacas.
A área produtiva será ampliada em 3% e atingirá 331 mil hectares. A produtividade deve crescer 9,2% e alcançar 23,8 sacas por hectare.
A estimativa de produção para o Sul de Minas e o Centro-Oeste do estado é de 14,9 milhões de sacas em 2024. O número representa um crescimento de 10,5% em comparação à última safra.
A área produtiva para essas regiões deve atingir 560 mil hectares, com um acréscimo de 5%. A produtividade está estimada em 26,7 sacas por hectare, o que significa alta de 5,2%.
Nas regiões Norte, Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, espera-se a produção de um milhão de sacas. Conforme as estimativas, a área produtiva será expandida em 4,7%, com 29,6 mil hectares, enquanto a produtividade vai avançar 9,5%, chegando a 34,4 sacas por hectare.
As exceções para o acréscimo são as regiões do Triângulo Mineiro, Alto Paranaíba e Noroeste, onde se observou um significativo aumento na produção da última safra, alavancado pelo ano de bienalidade positiva, característica da cultura do café, que alterna anos de safra boa com outra de produção menor. Esse fato pode influenciar uma redução da atual, devido à necessidade de recuperação vegetativa da plantação.
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